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缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)锛氱編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呯殑鍠ū鎴栧悎绋�锛屽寘鎷編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)缍�(w菐ng)缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呭劮鑺欙紙寤ｅ窞锛夊湅闅涜部(m脿o)鏄撴湁闄愬叕鍙哥瓑銆�

缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛氱編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍩轰簬浜掕伅(li谩n)缍�(w菐ng)锛屼互鍖呭惈缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(w菐ng)绔�銆佸鎴剁绛夊湪鍏�(n猫i)鐨勫悇绋舰鎱�(t脿i)锛堝寘鎷湭渚嗘妧琛�(sh霉)鐧�(f膩)灞曞嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鐨勬柊鐨勬湇鍕�(w霉)褰㈡厠(t脿i)锛夊悜鎮ㄦ彁渚涚殑鍚勯爡鏈嶅嫏(w霉)銆�

缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囷細鍖呮嫭鍦ㄦ墍鏈夌編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囬牷閬撳収(n猫i)宸茬稉(j墨ng)鐧�(f膩)甯冨強鍚庣簩(x霉)鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑鍏ㄩ儴瑕�(gu墨)鍓�銆佽В璁€銆佸叕鍛婄瓑鍏�(n猫i)瀹逛互鍙婂悇骞宠嚭鍦ㄥ公娲�銆佽珫澹�銆佸公鍔╀腑蹇冨収(n猫i)鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑鍚勯瑕�(gu墨)鍓�銆佸鏂界窗鍓�銆佺敘(ch菐n)鍝佹祦绋嬭鏄�銆佸叕鍛婄瓑銆�

浜屻€佸崝(xi茅)璀拌寖鍦�

2.1 绨界磩涓婚珨

銆愬钩绛変富楂斻€戞湰鍗�(xi茅)璀扮敱鎮ㄨ垏缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呭叡鍚岀窢绲�(ji茅)锛屾湰鍗�(xi茅)璀板皪鎮ㄨ垏缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呭潎鍏锋湁鍚堝悓鏁堝姏銆�
銆愪富楂斾俊鎭€戠編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呮槸鎸囩稉(j墨ng)鐕熺編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鐨勫悇娉曞緥涓婚珨锛屾偍鍙毃鏅傛煡鐪嬬編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍚勭恫(w菐ng)绔欓闋佸簳閮ㄥ叕绀虹殑璀夌収淇℃伅浠ョ⒑瀹氳垏鎮ㄥ饱绱勭殑缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)涓婚珨銆傛湰鍗�(xi茅)璀伴爡涓嬶紝 缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呭彲鑳芥牴鎿�(j霉)缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鐨勬キ(y猫)鍕�(w霉)瑾�(di脿o)鏁磋€岀櫦(f膩)鐢熻畩鏇�锛岃畩鏇村悗鐨勭編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呰垏鎮ㄥ叡鍚屽饱琛屾湰鍗�(xi茅)璀板苟鍚戞偍鎻愪緵鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呯殑璁婃洿涓嶆渻褰遍熆鎮ㄦ湰鍗�(xi茅)璀伴爡涓嬬殑娆�(qu谩n)鐩娿€傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呴倓鏈夊彲鑳藉洜鐐烘彁渚涙柊鐨勭編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鑰屾柊澧�锛屽鎮ㄤ娇鐢ㄦ柊澧炵殑缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鐨勶紝瑕栫偤鎮ㄥ悓鎰忔柊澧炵殑缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呰垏鎮ㄥ叡鍚屽饱琛屾湰鍗�(xi茅)璀�銆傜櫦(f膩)鐢熺埈璀版檪锛屾偍鍙牴鎿�(j霉)鎮ㄥ叿楂斾娇鐢ㄧ殑鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍙婂皪鎮ㄦ瑠(qu谩n)鐩婄敘(ch菐n)鐢熷奖闊跨殑鍏烽珨琛岀偤灏嶈薄纰哄畾鑸囨偍灞ョ磩鐨勪富楂斿強鐖鐩稿皪鏂广€�

2.2 瑁滃厖鍗�(xi茅)璀�

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涓�銆佽超鎴舵敞鍐婅垏浣跨敤

3.1 鐢ㄦ埗璩囨牸

鎮ㄧ⒑瑾�锛屽湪鎮ㄩ枊濮嬫敞鍐婄▼搴忎娇鐢ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍓嶏紝鎮ㄦ噳鐣跺叿鍌欎腑鑿汉姘戝叡鍜屽湅娉曞緥瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑鑸囨偍琛岀偤鐩搁仼鎳夌殑姘戜簨琛岀偤鑳藉姏銆� 鑻ユ偍涓嶅叿鍌欏墠杩拌垏鎮ㄨ鐐虹浉閬╂噳鐨勬皯浜嬭鐐鸿兘鍔�锛屽墖鎮ㄥ強鎮ㄧ殑鐩�(ji膩n)璀蜂汉鎳変緷鐓ф硶寰嬭(gu墨)瀹氭壙鎿斿洜姝よ€屽皫鑷寸殑涓€鍒囧悗鏋�銆�

姝ゅ锛屾偍閭勯渶纰轰繚鎮ㄤ笉鏄换浣曞湅瀹�銆佸湴鍗€(q奴)鎴栧湅闅涚祫绻斿鏂界殑璨�(m脿o)鏄撻檺鍒躲€佺稉(j墨ng)婵熷埗瑁佹垨鍏朵粬娉曞緥娉曡(gu墨)闄愬埗鐨勫皪璞�锛屼篃鏈洿鎺ユ垨闁撴帴鐐哄墠杩板皪璞℃彁渚涜硣閲�銆佸晢鍝佹垨鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛屽惁鍓囨偍鎳夌暥鍋滄浣跨敤缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛屽悓鏅�锛屾偍鐞嗚В閬曞弽鍓嶈堪瑕佹眰鍙兘鏈冮€犳垚鎮ㄧ劇娉曟甯告敞鍐婂強浣跨敤缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)銆�

3.2 璩埗瑾槑

銆愯超鎴剁嵅寰椼€戠暥鎮ㄦ寜鐓ф敞鍐婇爜闈㈡彁绀哄～瀵俊鎭€侀柋璁€骞跺悓鎰忔湰鍗�(xi茅)璀颁笖瀹屾垚鍏ㄩ儴娉ㄥ唺绋嬪簭鍚�锛屾偍鍙嵅寰楃編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭璩埗骞舵垚鐐虹編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鐢ㄦ埗銆�

缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍙厑瑷辨瘡浣嶇敤鎴朵娇鐢ㄤ竴鍊嬬編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭璩埗銆� 濡傛湁璀夋摎(j霉)璀夋槑鎴栫編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鏍规摎(j霉)缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囧垽鏂锋偍瀛樺湪涓嶇暥娉ㄥ唺鎴栦笉鐣朵娇鐢ㄥ鍊嬬編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭璩埗鐨勬儏褰�锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍙噰鍙栧噸绲�(ji茅)鎴栭棞(gu膩n)闁夎超鎴�銆佸彇娑堣▊鍠�銆佹嫆绲曟彁渚涙湇鍕�(w霉)绛夋帾鏂斤紝濡傜郸缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)鏂归€犳垚鎼嶅け鐨�锛屾偍閭勬噳鎵挎摂璩犲劅璨换銆�

銆愯超鎴朵娇鐢ㄣ€戞偍鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)浣跨敤鎮ㄨō(sh猫)缃垨纰鸿獚鐨勭編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鏈冨摗鍚�銆侀兊绠便€佹墜姗熻櫉纰硷紙浠ヤ笅绨＄ū鈥滆超鎴跺悕绋扁€濓級鍙婃偍瑷�(sh猫)缃殑瀵嗙⒓锛堣超鎴跺悕绋卞強瀵嗙⒓鍚堢ū鈥滆超鎴垛€濓級鐧婚寗缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭銆�

鐢变簬鎮ㄧ殑缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭璩埗闂�(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)鎮ㄧ殑鍊嬩汉淇℃伅鍙婄編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍟嗘キ(y猫)淇℃伅锛屾偍鐨勭編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭璩埗鍍呴檺鎮ㄦ湰浜轰娇鐢�銆傛湭缍�(j墨ng)缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍚屾剰锛屾偍鐩存帴鎴栭枔鎺ユ巿娆�(qu谩n)绗笁鏂逛娇鐢ㄦ偍缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭璩埗鎴栫嵅鍙栨偍璩埗闋呬笅淇℃伅鐨勮鐐虹劇鏁�銆傚缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鏍规摎(j霉)缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囦腑绱勫畾鐨勯仌绱勮獚瀹氱▼搴忓強妯欐簴鍒ゆ柗鎮ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭璩埗鐨勪娇鐢ㄥ彲鑳藉嵄鍙婃偍鐨勮超鎴跺畨鍏ㄥ強/鎴栫編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭淇℃伅瀹夊叏鐨勶紝缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍙嫆绲曟彁渚涚浉鎳夋湇鍕�(w霉)鎴栫祩姝㈡湰鍗�(xi茅)璀�銆�

銆愯超鎴惰綁(zhu菐n)璁撱€戠敱浜庣敤鎴惰超鎴堕棞(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)鐢ㄦ埗淇＄敤淇℃伅锛屽儏鐣舵湁娉曞緥鏄庢枃瑕�(gu墨)瀹�銆佸徃娉曡瀹氭垨缍�(j墨ng)缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍚屾剰锛屽苟绗﹀悎缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囪(gu墨)瀹氱殑鐢ㄦ埗璩埗杞�(zhu菐n)璁撴祦绋嬬殑鎯呮硜涓�锛屾偍鍙€茶璩埗鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)璁�銆傛偍鐨勮超鎴朵竴缍�(j墨ng)杞�(zhu菐n)璁�锛岃┎璩埗闋呬笅娆�(qu谩n)鍒╃京鍕�(w霉)涓€骞惰綁(zhu菐n)绉�銆� 闄ゆ澶栵紝鎮ㄧ殑璩埗涓嶅緱浠ヤ换浣曟柟寮忚綁(zhu菐n)璁�锛屽惁鍓囩編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)杩界┒鎮ㄧ殑閬曠磩璨换锛屼笖鐢辨鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑璨换鍙婂悗鏋滃潎鐢辨偍鑷鎵挎摂銆�

銆愪笉娲昏簫璩埗鍥炴敹銆�濡傛偍鐨勮超鎴跺悓鏅傜鍚堜互涓嬫浠�锛屽墖缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙洖鏀舵偍鐨勮超鎴�锛屾偍鐨勮超鎴跺皣涓嶈兘鍐嶇櫥閷�锛岀浉鎳夋湇鍕�(w霉)鍚屾檪绲傛锛�

锛堜竴锛夐€ｇ簩(x霉)鍏€嬫湀鏈敤浜庣櫥閷勶紱

锛堜簩锛変笉瀛樺湪鏈埌鏈熺殑鏈夋晥妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)銆�

3.3 娉ㄥ唺淇℃伅绠＄悊

3.3.1 鐪熷鍚堟硶

銆愪俊鎭湡瀵︺€戝湪浣跨敤缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鏅�锛屾偍鎳夌暥鎸夌編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭闋侀潰鐨勬彁绀烘簴纰哄畬鏁村湴鎻愪緵鎮ㄧ殑淇℃伅锛堝寘鎷偍鐨勫鍚嶅強闆诲瓙閮典欢鍦板潃銆佽伅(li谩n)绯婚浕瑭便€佽伅(li谩n)绯诲湴鍧€绛夛級锛屼互渚跨編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鎴栧叾浠栫敤鎴惰垏鎮ㄨ伅(li谩n)绯汇€� 鎮ㄤ簡瑙ｅ苟鍚屾剰锛屾偍鏈夌京鍕�(w霉)淇濇寔鎮ㄦ彁渚涗俊鎭殑鐪熷鎬у強鏈夋晥鎬�銆�

銆愭渻鍝″悕鐨勫悎娉曟€с€�鎮ㄨō(sh猫)缃殑缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鏈冨摗鍚嶄笉寰楅仌鍙嶅湅瀹舵硶寰嬫硶瑕�(gu墨)鍙婄編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)鍓囬棞(gu膩n)浜庢渻鍝″悕鐨勭鐞嗚(gu墨)瀹氾紝鍚﹀墖缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙洖鏀舵偍鐨勭編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鏈冨摗鍚�銆傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鏈冨摗鍚嶇殑鍥炴敹涓嶅奖闊挎偍浠ラ兊绠便€佹墜姗熻櫉纰肩櫥閷勭編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭骞朵娇鐢ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)銆�

3.3.2 鏇存柊缍

鎮ㄦ噳鐣跺強鏅傛洿鏂版偍鎻愪緵鐨勪俊鎭�锛屽湪娉曞緥鏈夋槑纰鸿(gu墨)瀹氳姹傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)浣滅偤骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鎻愪緵鑰呭繀闋堝皪閮ㄥ垎鐢ㄦ埗锛堝骞宠嚭璩ｅ绛夛級鐨勪俊鎭€茶鏍稿鐨勬儏娉佷笅锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)灏囦緷娉曚笉鏅傚湴灏嶆偍鐨勪俊鎭€茶妾㈡煡鏍稿锛屾偍鎳夌暥閰嶅悎鎻愪緵鏈€鏂�銆佺湡瀵︺€佸畬鏁�銆佹湁鏁堢殑淇℃伅銆�
濡傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鎸夋偍鏈€鍚庝竴娆℃彁渚涚殑淇℃伅鑸囨偍鑱�(li谩n)绯绘湭鏋�銆佹偍鏈寜缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鐨勮姹傚強鏅傛彁渚涗俊鎭�銆佹偍鎻愪緵鐨勪俊鎭瓨鍦ㄦ槑椤笉瀵︽垨琛屾斂鍙告硶姗熼棞(gu膩n)鏍稿鎮ㄦ彁渚涚殑淇℃伅鐒℃晥鐨勶紝鎮ㄥ皣鎵挎摂鍥犳灏嶆偍鑷韩銆佷粬浜哄強缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)閫犳垚鐨勫叏閮ㄦ悕澶辫垏涓嶅埄鍚庢灉銆傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍙悜鎮ㄧ櫦(f膩)鍑鸿鍟忔垨瑕佹眰鏁存敼鐨勯€氱煡锛屽苟瑕佹眰鎮ㄩ€茶閲嶆柊瑾嶈瓑锛岀洿鑷充腑姝�銆佺祩姝㈠皪鎮ㄦ彁渚涢儴鍒嗘垨鍏ㄩ儴缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)灏嶆涓嶆壙鎿旇铂浠�銆�

3.4 璩埗瀹夊叏瑕�(gu墨)鑼�

銆愯超鎴跺畨鍏ㄤ繚绠＄京鍕�(w霉)銆戞偍鐨勮超鎴剁偤鎮ㄨ嚜琛岃ō(sh猫)缃苟鐢辨偍淇濈锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)浠讳綍鏅傚€欏潎涓嶆渻涓诲嫊瑕佹眰鎮ㄦ彁渚涙偍鐨勮超鎴跺瘑纰�銆傚洜姝わ紝寤鸿鎮ㄥ嫏(w霉)蹇呬繚绠″ソ鎮ㄧ殑璩埗锛屽苟纰轰繚鎮ㄥ湪姣忓€嬩笂缍�(w菐ng)鏅傛绲�(ji茅)鏉熸檪閫€鍑虹櫥閷勫苟浠ユ纰烘椹熼洟闁嬬編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭銆�

璩埗鍥犳偍涓诲嫊娉勯湶鎴栧洜鎮ㄩ伃鍙椾粬浜烘敾鎿�銆佽⿶楱欑瓑琛岀偤灏庤嚧鐨勬悕澶卞強鍚庢灉锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞朵笉鎵挎摂璨换锛屾偍鎳夐€氶亷鍙告硶銆佽鏀跨瓑鏁戞繜閫斿緫鍚戜镜娆�(qu谩n)琛岀偤浜鸿拷鍎�銆�

銆愯超鎴惰鐐鸿铂浠昏嚜璨犮€戦櫎缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)瀛樺湪閬庨尟澶�锛屾偍鎳夊皪鎮ㄨ超鎴堕爡涓嬬殑鎵€鏈夎鐐虹祼(ji茅)鏋滐紙鍖呮嫭浣嗕笉闄愪簬鍦ㄧ窔绨界讲鍚勯鍗�(xi茅)璀般€佺櫦(f膩)甯冧俊鎭�銆佽臣璨峰晢鍝佸強鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍙婃姭闇蹭俊鎭瓑锛夎矤璨�銆�

銆愭棩甯哥董璀烽爤鐭ャ€戝鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)浠讳綍鏈稉(j墨ng)鎺堟瑠(qu谩n)浣跨敤鎮ㄨ超鎴剁櫥閷勭編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鎴栧叾浠栧彲鑳藉皫鑷存偍璩埗閬珚銆侀伜澶辩殑鎯呮硜锛屽缓璀版偍绔嬪嵆閫氱煡缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)銆�鎮ㄧ悊瑙ｇ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)灏嶆偍鐨勪换浣曡珛姹傞噰鍙栬鍕曞潎闇€瑕佸悎鐞嗘檪闁擄紝涓旂編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鎳夋偍璜嬫眰鑰岄噰鍙栫殑琛屽嫊鍙兘鐒℃硶閬垮厤鎴栭樆姝镜瀹冲悗鏋滅殑褰㈡垚鎴栨摯澶�锛岄櫎缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)瀛樺湪娉曞畾閬庨尟澶栵紝缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)涓嶆壙鎿旇铂浠�銆�

鍥�銆佺編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍙婅(gu墨)鑼�

銆愭湇鍕�(w霉)姒傛硜銆戞偍鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婁韩鍙楀晢鍝佸強/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勭€忚銆佹敹钘忋€佽臣璨疯垏瑭曞児銆佷氦鏄撶埈璀拌檿鐞嗐€佷俊鎭氦娴佸鍟忕瓟鍙婂垎浜瓑鏈嶅嫏(w霉)銆傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鎻愪緵鐨勬湇鍕�(w霉)鍏�(n猫i)瀹圭溇澶氾紝鍏烽珨鎮ㄥ彲鐧婚寗缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鐎忚銆�

4.1 鍟嗗搧鍙�/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勭€忚銆佹敹钘�

鍦ㄦ偍鐎忚鎴戝€戠恫(w菐ng)绔欐垨瀹㈡埗绔殑閬庣▼涓�锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鐐烘偍鎻愪緵浜嗕俊鎭垎椤�銆侀棞(gu膩n)閸佃妾㈢储銆佺閬�銆佹敹钘忓強闂�(gu膩n)娉ㄧ瓑鍔熻兘锛屼互鏇村ソ鍦板尮閰嶆偍鐨勯渶姹�銆� 鎮ㄥ彲浠ュ皪鎮ㄦ劅鑸堣叮鐨勫晢鍝佸強/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)閫茶鏀惰棌銆佹坊鍔犺嚦璩肩墿杌�锛岄棞(gu膩n)娉ㄦ偍鎵€鎰熻垐瓒ｇ殑搴楅嫪/鍝佺墝绛夈€�

4.2 鍟嗗搧鍙�/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勮臣璨疯垏瑭曞児

銆愬晢鍝佸強/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勮臣璨枫€戠暥鎮ㄥ湪缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭璩艰卜鍟嗗搧鍙�/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鏅�锛岃珛鎮ㄥ嫏(w霉)蹇呬粩绱扮⒑瑾嶆墍璩煎晢鍝佺殑鍝佸悕銆佸児鏍�銆佹暩(sh霉)閲�銆佸瀷铏�銆佽(gu墨)鏍笺€佸昂瀵告垨鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鐨勬檪闁�銆佸収(n猫i)瀹广€侀檺鍒舵€ц姹傜瓑閲嶈浜嬮爡锛屽苟鍦ㄤ笅鍠檪鏍稿鎮ㄧ殑鑱�(li谩n)绯诲湴鍧€銆侀浕瑭�銆佹敹璨ㄤ汉绛変俊鎭€�濡傛偍濉鐨勬敹璨ㄤ汉闈炴偍鏈汉锛屽墖瑭叉敹璨ㄤ汉鐨勮鐐哄拰鎰忔€濊〃绀虹敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑娉曞緥鍚庢灉鍧囩敱鎮ㄦ壙鎿�銆�
鎮ㄧ殑璩艰卜琛岀偤鎳夌暥鍩轰簬鐪熷鐨勬秷璨婚渶姹傦紝涓嶅緱瀛樺湪灏嶅晢鍝佸強/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)瀵︽柦鎯℃剰璩艰卜銆佹儭鎰忕董娆�(qu谩n)绛夋摼浜傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭姝ｅ父浜ゆ槗绉╁簭鐨勮鐐�銆� 鍩轰簬缍缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭浜ゆ槗绉╁簭鍙婁氦鏄撳畨鍏ㄧ殑闇€瑕�锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)涓婅堪鎯呭舰鏅傚彲涓诲嫊鍩�(zh铆)琛岄棞(gu膩n)闁夌浉闂�(gu膩n)浜ゆ槗瑷傚柈绛夋搷浣�銆�

銆愯⿻鍍广€戞偍鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鎻愪緵鐨勮⿻鍍圭郴绲�(t菕ng)涓皪鑸囨偍閬旀垚浜ゆ槗鐨勫叾浠栫敤鎴跺晢鍝佸強/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)閫茶瑭曞児銆傛偍鎳夌暥鐞嗚В锛屾偍鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鐨勮⿻鍍逛俊鎭槸鍏枊鐨�锛屽鎮ㄤ笉鎰挎剰鍦ㄨ⿻鍍逛俊鎭腑鍚戝叕鐪炬姭闇叉偍鐨勮韩浠戒俊鎭紝鎮ㄦ湁娆�(qu谩n)閬告搰閫氶亷鍖垮悕褰㈠紡鐧�(f膩)琛ㄨ⿻鍍瑰収(n猫i)瀹�銆�
鐐虹⒑淇濊⿻鍍瑰収(n猫i)瀹硅兘鐐烘秷璨昏€呰臣鐗╂焙绛栨彁渚涘彲闈犵殑渚濇摎(j霉)锛屽弽鏄犲晢鍝佸強/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勭湡瀵︽儏娉�锛屾偍鐨勬墍鏈夎⿻鍍硅鐐烘噳閬靛畧缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囩殑鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹�锛岃⿻鍍瑰収(n猫i)瀹规噳鐣跺悎娉�銆佸瑙€銆佺湡瀵�锛岃垏浜ゆ槗鐨勫晢鍝佸強/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鍏锋湁闂�(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)鎬�锛屼笖涓嶆噳鍖呭惈浠讳綍姹¤█绌㈣獮銆佽壊鎯呬綆淇�銆佸唬鍛婁俊鎭強娉曞緥娉曡(gu墨)鑸囨湰鍗�(xi茅)璀板垪鏄庣殑鍏朵粬绂佹鎬т俊鎭紱鎮ㄤ笉鎳変互涓嶆鐣舵柟寮忓公鍔╀粬浜烘彁鍗囦俊鐢ㄦ垨鍒╃敤瑭曞児娆�(qu谩n)鍒╁皪鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ埗瀵︽柦濞佽剠銆佹暡瑭愬嫆绱€€�缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙寜鐓х編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囩殑鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬皪鎮ㄥ鏂戒笂杩拌鐐烘墍鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑瑭曞児淇℃伅閲囧彇蹇呰铏曠疆鎺柦銆�

4.3 浜ゆ槗鐖铏曠悊

銆愪氦鏄撶埈璀拌檿鐞嗛€斿緫銆戞偍鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭浜ゆ槗閬庣▼涓垏鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ埗鐧�(f膩)鐢熺埈璀扮殑锛屾偍鎴栧叾浠栫敤鎴朵腑浠讳綍涓€鏂瑰潎鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)閬告搰浠ヤ笅閫斿緫瑙ｆ焙锛�

锛堜竴锛夎垏鐖鐩稿皪鏂硅嚜涓诲崝(xi茅)鍟嗭紱

锛堜簩锛変娇鐢ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鎻愪緵鐨勭埈璀拌(di脿o)铏曟湇鍕�(w霉)锛�

锛堜笁锛夎珛姹傛秷璨昏€呭崝(xi茅)鏈冩垨鑰呭叾浠栦緷娉曟垚绔嬬殑瑾�(di脿o)瑙ｇ祫绻旇(di脿o)瑙�锛�

锛堝洓锛夊悜鏈夐棞(gu膩n)琛屾斂閮ㄩ杸鎶曡ù锛�

锛堜簲锛夋牴鎿�(j霉)鑸囩埈璀扮浉灏嶆柟閬旀垚鐨勪徊瑁佸崝(xi茅)璀帮紙濡傛湁锛夋彁璜嬩徊瑁佹妲�(g貌u)浠茶锛�

锛堝叚锛夊悜浜烘皯娉曢櫌鎻愯捣瑷磋銆�

4.4 淇℃伅浜ゆ祦

鐐烘豢瓒崇敤鎴堕枔鍒嗕韩璩肩墿蹇冨緱绛変俊鎭氦娴侀渶姹傦紝鎮ㄥ彲閫氶亷缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鎻愪緵鐨勫晱绛�銆佹洭鍠垎浜�銆佽珫澹�銆佺兢绲勫強鍏朵粬淇℃伅鐧�(f膩)甯冨姛鑳介€茶瑭曡珫銆佸洖寰�銆佺暀瑷€銆佸綀骞曘€侀粸璐婄瓑鍏枊鐧�(f膩)甯冧俊鎭強鑸囧叾浠栫敤鎴朵簰鍕�锛屼俊鎭殑褰㈠紡鍖呮嫭鏂囧瓧銆佸湒鐗�銆佽闋�銆佺洿鎾収(n猫i)瀹�銆佽〃鎯�銆佺铏熺瓑锛屾偍闋堢⒑淇濇偍鎵€鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑鎵€鏈変俊鎭潎绗﹀悎鐩搁棞(gu膩n)娉曞緥娉曡(gu墨)鍙婃湰鍗�(xi茅)璀扮殑瑕佹眰銆�

4.5 璨�(m脿o)鏄撻檺鍒�

閲濆皪閫氶亷缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍙栧緱鐨勫晢鍝�銆佹湇鍕�(w霉)銆佽粺浠跺強鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛堝寘鎷編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鎻愪緵鐨勮粺浠跺強鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛�锛屾偍鎵胯閬靛畧鎵€鏈夐仼鐢ㄧ殑閫插嚭鍙ｇ鍒�銆佽部(m脿o)鏄撻檺鍒惰垏缍�(j墨ng)婵熷埗瑁佺浉闂�(gu膩n)娉曞緥娉曡(gu墨)?锛涱媱璇癝璀风編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭浜ゆ槗绉╁簭鍙婁氦鏄撳畨鍏ㄧ殑闇€瑕�锛屽鎮ㄩ仌鍙嶅墠杩版壙璜剧殑锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍙湪鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)涓婅堪鎯呭舰鏅備富鍕曞煼(zh铆)琛岄棞(gu膩n)闁夌浉闂�(gu膩n)浜ゆ槗瑷傚柈鍙婁綔鍑鸿超鎴惰檿缃瓑鎿嶄綔銆�

4.6 璨荤敤

缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鐐虹編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍚戞偍鎻愪緵鐨勬湇鍕�(w霉)浠樺嚭浜嗗ぇ閲忕殑鎴愭湰锛岄櫎缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏄庣ず鐨勬敹璨绘キ(y猫)鍕�(w霉)澶�锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍚戞偍鎻愪緵鐨勬湇鍕�(w霉)鐩墠鏄厤璨荤殑銆傚鏈締缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍚戞偍鏀跺彇鍚堢悊璨荤敤锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鏈冮噰鍙栧悎鐞嗛€斿緫骞朵互瓒冲鍚堢悊鐨勬湡闄愭彁鍓嶉€氶亷娉曞畾绋嬪簭骞朵互鏈崝(xi茅)璀扮鍏绱勫畾鐨勬柟寮忛€氱煡鎮紝纰轰繚鎮ㄦ湁鍏呭垎閬告搰鐨勬瑠(qu谩n)鍒�銆�

4.7 璨换闄愬埗

銆愪笉鍙姉鍔涘強绗笁鏂瑰師鍥犮€戠編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)渚濈収娉曞緥瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬饱琛屽熀绀�(ch菙)淇濋殰缇╁嫏(w霉)锛屼絾灏嶄簬涓嬭堪鍘熷洜?q奴)械纰屾毊璐ゎ儩鐢峰绯籏銆佸饱琛岀憰鐤�銆佸饱琛屽欢鍚庢垨灞ヨ鍏�(n猫i)瀹硅畩鏇寸瓑鎯呭舰锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞朵笉鎵挎摂鐩告噳鐨勯仌绱勮铂浠伙細

锛堜竴锛夊洜鑷劧鐏藉銆佺椒宸�銆佹毚浜傘€佹埌(zh脿n)鐖�銆佹斂搴滆鐐恒€佸徃娉曡鏀垮懡浠ょ瓑涓嶅彲鎶楀姏鍥犵礌锛�

锛堜簩锛夊洜闆诲姏渚涙噳鏁呴殰銆侀€氳▕缍�(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鏁呴殰绛夊叕鍏辨湇鍕�(w霉)鍥犵礌鎴栫涓変汉鍥犵礌锛�

锛堜笁锛夊湪缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)宸茬洝鍠勬剰绠＄悊鐨勬儏娉佷笅锛屽洜甯歌(gu墨)鎴栫穵鎬ョ殑瑷�(sh猫)鍌欒垏绯荤当(t菕ng)缍銆佽ō(sh猫)鍌欒垏绯荤当(t菕ng)鏁呴殰銆佺恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)淇℃伅鑸囨暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)瀹夊叏绛夊洜绱�銆�

銆愭捣閲忎俊鎭€戠編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍍呭悜鎮ㄦ彁渚涚編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛屾偍浜嗚В缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婄殑淇℃伅绯荤敤鎴惰嚜琛岀櫦(f膩)甯�锛屼笖鍙兘瀛樺湪棰ㄩ毆鍜岀憰鐤�銆傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)灏囬€氶亷渚濇硶寤虹珛鐩搁棞(gu膩n)妾㈡煡鐩�(ji膩n)鎺у埗搴︾洝鍙兘淇濋殰鎮ㄥ湪缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婄殑鍚堟硶娆�(qu谩n)鐩婂強鑹ソ楂旈銆傚悓鏅�锛岄憭浜庣編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍏峰倷瀛樺湪娴烽噺淇℃伅鍙婁俊鎭恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧笅淇℃伅鑸囧鐗╃浉鍒嗛洟鐨勭壒榛�锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鐒℃硶閫愪竴瀵╂煡鍟嗗搧鍙�/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勪俊鎭紝鐒℃硶閫愪竴瀵╂煡浜ゆ槗鎵€娑夊強鐨勫晢鍝佸強/鎴栨湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勮唱(zh矛)閲�銆佸畨鍏ㄤ互鍙婂悎娉曟€с€佺湡瀵︽€�銆佹簴纰烘€э紝灏嶆鎮ㄦ噳璎规厧鍒ゆ柗銆�

浜斻€佺敤鎴朵俊鎭殑淇濊鍙婃巿娆�(qu谩n)

5.1 鍊嬩汉淇℃伅鐨勪繚璀�

缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)闈炲父閲嶈鐢ㄦ埗鍊嬩汉淇℃伅锛堝嵆鑳藉鐛ㄧ珛鎴栬垏鍏朵粬淇℃伅绲�(ji茅)鍚堝悗璀樺垾鐢ㄦ埗韬唤鐨勪俊鎭級鐨勪繚璀凤紝鍦ㄦ偍浣跨敤缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鎻愪緵鐨勬湇鍕�(w霉)鏅�锛屾偍鍚屾剰缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鎸夌収鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婂叕甯冪殑闅辩娆�(qu谩n)鏀跨瓥鏀堕泦銆佸瓨鍎层€佷娇鐢�銆佹姭闇插拰淇濊鎮ㄧ殑鍊嬩汉淇℃伅銆�

5.2 闈炲€嬩汉淇℃伅鐨勪繚璀夎垏鎺堟瑠(qu谩n)

銆愪俊鎭殑鐧�(f膩)甯冦€戞偍鑱叉槑骞朵繚璀夛紝鎮ㄥ皪鎮ㄦ墍鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑淇℃伅鎿佹湁鐩告噳銆佸悎娉曠殑娆�(qu谩n)鍒�锛屾偍鎵€鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑淇℃伅鍙婂鏂界殑琛岀偤鍧囩鍚堢浉闂�(gu膩n)娉曞緥娉曡(gu墨)銆佸湅瀹跺挤鍒舵€ф婧栬姹傚強鏈崝(xi茅)璀扮磩瀹�锛屽苟涓旀偍灏嶆偍鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑淇℃伅璨犳湁绠＄悊缇╁嫏(w霉)锛屽皪鍏朵腑鎮ㄩ仌鍙嶇浉闂�(gu膩n)娉曞緥娉曡(gu墨)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬強鏈崝(xi茅)璀扮磩瀹氱殑淇℃伅鎳夌珛鍗冲埅闄�銆傚惁鍓�锛�缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙皪鎮ㄧ櫦(f膩)甯冪殑淇℃伅渚濇硶鎴栦緷鏈崝(xi茅)璀伴€茶鍒櫎鎴栧睆钄�銆�

銆愮姝㈡€т俊鎭€�鎮ㄦ噳鐣剁⒑淇濇偍鎵€鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑淇℃伅涓嶅寘鍚互涓嬪収(n猫i)瀹癸細

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鍏�銆佺敤鎴剁殑閬曠磩鍙婅檿鐞�

8.1 閬曠磩瑾嶅畾

鐧�(f膩)鐢熷涓嬫儏褰箣涓€鐨勶紝瑕栫偤鎮ㄩ仌绱勶細

锛堜竴锛変娇鐢ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鏅傞仌鍙嶆湁闂�(gu膩n)娉曞緥娉曡(gu墨)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑锛�

锛堜簩锛夐仌鍙嶆湰鍗�(xi茅)璀版垨鏈崝(xi茅)璀拌鍏呭崝(xi茅)璀帮紙鍗虫湰鍗�(xi茅)璀扮2.2姊濓級绱勫畾鐨�銆�

鐐洪仼鎳夐浕瀛愬晢鍕�(w霉)鐧�(f膩)灞曞拰婊胯冻娴烽噺鐢ㄦ埗灏嶉珮鏁堝劒(y艒u)璩�(zh矛)鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鐨勯渶姹�锛屾偍鐞嗚В骞跺悓鎰忥紝缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙湪缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囦腑绱勫畾閬曠磩瑾嶅畾鐨勭▼搴忓拰妯欐簴銆傚锛�缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙緷鎿�(j霉)鎮ㄧ殑鐢ㄦ埗鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囨捣閲忕敤鎴舵暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯讳締瑾嶅畾鎮ㄦ槸鍚︽(g貌u)鎴愰仌绱�锛涙偍鏈夌京鍕�(w霉)灏嶆偍鐨勬暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐣�?锛孎(xi脿n)璞￠€茶鍏呭垎鑸夎瓑鍜屽悎鐞嗚В閲�锛屽惁鍓囧皣琚獚瀹氱偤閬曠磩銆�

8.2 閬曠磩铏曠悊鎺柦

銆愪俊鎭檿鐞嗐€戞偍鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婄櫦(f膩)甯冪殑淇℃伅妲�(g貌u)鎴愰仌绱勭殑锛�缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙牴鎿�(j霉)鐩告噳瑕�(gu墨)鍓囩珛鍗冲皪鐩告噳淇℃伅閫茶鍒櫎銆佸睆钄借檿鐞�銆�

銆愯鐐洪檺鍒躲€戞偍鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婂鏂界殑琛岀偤锛屾垨闆栨湭鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婂鏂戒絾灏嶇編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍙婂叾鐢ㄦ埗鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷奖闊跨殑琛岀偤妲�(g貌u)鎴愰仌绱勭殑锛�缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙緷鎿�(j霉)鐩告噳瑕�(gu墨)鍓囧皪鎮ㄥ煼(zh铆)琛岃超鎴舵墸鍒嗐€佷腑姝㈠悜鎮ㄦ彁渚涢儴鍒嗘垨鍏ㄩ儴鏈嶅嫏(w霉)銆佸妰鎵ｉ仌绱勯噾绛夎檿鐞嗘帾鏂�銆傚鎮ㄧ殑琛岀偤妲�(g貌u)鎴愭牴鏈仌绱勭殑锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍙煡灏佹偍鐨勮超鎴�锛岀祩姝㈠悜鎮ㄦ彁渚涙湇鍕�(w霉)銆�

銆愯檿鐞嗙祼(ji茅)鏋滃叕绀恒€�缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙皣灏嶆偍涓婅堪閬曠磩琛岀偤铏曠悊鎺柦淇℃伅浠ュ強鍏朵粬缍�(j墨ng)鍦嬪琛屾斂鎴栧徃娉曟闂�(gu膩n)鐢熸晥娉曞緥鏂囨浉纰鸿獚鐨勯仌娉曚俊鎭湪缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婁簣浠ュ叕绀�銆�

8.3 璩犲劅璨换

濡傛偍鐨勮鐐轰娇缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)閬彈鎼嶅け锛堝寘鎷嚜韬殑鐩存帴缍�(j墨ng)婵熸悕澶便€佸晢璀芥悕澶卞強灏嶅鏀粯鐨勮碃鍎熼噾銆佸拰瑙ｆ銆佸緥甯不銆佽ù瑷熻不绛夐枔鎺ョ稉(j墨ng)婵熸悕澶憋級锛屾偍鎳夎碃鍎熺編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)涓婅堪鍏ㄩ儴鎼嶅け銆�
濡傛偍鐨勮鐐轰娇缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)閬彈绗笁浜轰富寮垫瑠(qu谩n)鍒�锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍙湪灏嶇涓変汉鎵挎摂閲戦將绲︿粯绛夌京鍕�(w霉)鍚庡氨鍏ㄩ儴鎼嶅け鍚戞偍杩藉劅銆�

8.4 鐗瑰垾绱勫畾

銆愬晢妤�(y猫)璩勮硞銆戝鎮ㄥ悜缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鐨勯泧鍝℃垨椤у晱绛夋彁渚涘鐗�銆佺従(xi脿n)閲�銆佺従(xi脿n)閲戠瓑鍍圭墿銆佸嫗鍕�(w霉)銆佹梾娓哥瓑鍍瑰€兼槑椤秴鍑烘甯稿晢鍕�(w霉)娲借珖鑼冪枃鐨勫埄鐩�锛屽墖鍙鐐烘偍瀛樺湪鍟嗘キ(y猫)璩勮硞琛岀偤銆�鐧�(f膩)鐢熶笂杩版儏褰㈢殑锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍙珛鍗崇祩姝㈣垏鎮ㄧ殑鎵€鏈夊悎浣滃苟鍚戞偍鏀跺彇閬曠磩閲戝強/鎴栬碃鍎熼噾锛�瑭茬瓑閲戦浠ョ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍥犳偍鐨勮硠璩傝鐐鸿€岄伃鍙楃殑缍�(j墨ng)婵熸悕澶卞拰鍟嗚鎼嶅け浣滅偤瑷堢畻渚濇摎(j霉)銆�
銆愰棞(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)铏曠悊銆戝鎮ㄥ洜鍤撮噸閬曠磩灏庤嚧缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)绲傛鏈崝(xi茅)璀版檪锛屽嚭浜庣董璀峰钩鑷虹З搴忓強淇濊娑堣不鑰呮瑠(qu谩n)鐩婄殑鐩殑锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍙皪鑸囨偍鍦ㄥ叾浠栧崝(xi茅)璀伴爡涓嬬殑鍚堜綔閲囧彇涓鐢氭垨绲傛鍗�(xi茅)璀扮殑鎺柦锛屽苟浠ユ湰鍗�(xi茅)璀扮鍏绱勫畾鐨勬柟寮忛€氱煡鎮ㄣ€�

濡傜編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鑸囨偍绨界讲鐨勫叾浠栧崝(xi茅)璀板強缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鑸囨偍绨界讲鐨勫崝(xi茅)璀颁腑鏄庣⒑绱勫畾浜嗗皪鎮ㄥ湪鏈崝(xi茅)璀伴爡涓嬪悎浣滈€茶闂�(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)铏曠悊鐨勬儏褰�锛屽墖缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍑轰簬缍骞宠嚭绉╁簭鐨勭洰鐨�锛屽彲鍦ㄦ敹鍒版寚浠ゆ檪涓鐢氳嚦绲傛鍗�(xi茅)璀�锛屽苟浠ユ湰鍗�(xi茅)璀扮鍏绱勫畾鐨勬柟寮忛€氱煡鎮ㄣ€�

銆愯臣璨烽爤鐭ャ€戠編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鐧�(f膩)甯冪殑鎵€鏈夊晢鍝佷俊鎭潎渚嗘簮浜庣浉鎳夌殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)寤犲锛岀増娆�(qu谩n)姝哥浉鎳夌殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)寤犲鎵€鏈夛紝鏈恫(w菐ng)绔欐彁鍙婄殑浠讳綍鍟嗘鍧囨瑭插晢妯欐寔鏈変汉鎵€鏈�銆傚叿楂斿寘鎷晢鍝佺殑璩�(zh矛)閲�銆佸寘瑁濄€佸湒鐗�銆佹枃瀛楁弿杩�銆佸敭鍚庢湇鍕�(w霉)鍙婂叾鎵€闄勫爆鐨勭浉闂�(gu膩n)鎵胯銆傜敤鎴跺湪鏈稉(j墨ng)缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍚屾剰鐨勬儏娉佷笅涓嶅緱鎿呰嚜鎽橀寗鏈珯鎵€鏈夊湒鐗囧拰鏂囧瓧鍏�(n猫i)瀹�锛屽惁鍓囩編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鏈夎拷绌舵硶寰嬭铂浠荤殑娆�(qu谩n)鍒┿€�

鎮ㄥ湪鏈晢鍩庝笂璩艰卜鐨勫澶栧晢鍝佺瓑鍚屼簬澧冨璩艰卜銆�

鎮ㄨ臣璨风殑澧冨鍟嗗搧閬╃敤鐨勫搧璩�(zh矛)銆佸仴搴�銆佸畨鍏�銆佽(w猫i)鐢�銆佺挵(hu谩n)淇濄€佹璀樼瓑闋呯洰妯欐簴鑸囨垜鍦嬪ぇ闄稿湴鍗€(q奴)璩�(zh矛)閲忓畨鍏ㄦ婧栨湁鎵€涓嶅悓锛屽湪浣跨敤閬庣▼涓敱姝ゅ彲鑳界敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鍗卞鎴栨悕澶变互鍙婂叾浠栭ⅷ闅�锛屽皣鐢辨偍鍊嬩汉鎵挎摂銆�

鐢变簬鎮ㄦ墍璩艰卜鐨勫澶栧晢鍝佸緸鎴戝湅澶ч櫢锛堜笉鍚腐婢宠嚭锛変互澶栫殑鍦板崁(q奴)瑷傝臣锛屾晠鍙兘鐒′腑鏂囨绨藉強瑾槑鏇搞€�


涔�銆佸崝(xi茅)璀扮殑璁婃洿

缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙牴鎿�(j霉)鍦嬪娉曞緥娉曡(gu墨)璁婂寲鍙婄董璀蜂氦鏄撶З搴�銆佷繚璀锋秷璨昏€呮瑠(qu谩n)鐩婇渶瑕�锛屼笉鏅備慨鏀规湰鍗�(xi茅)璀�銆佽鍏呭崝(xi茅)璀�锛岃畩鏇村悗鐨勫崝(xi茅)璀�銆佽鍏呭崝(xi茅)璀帮紙涓嬬ū鈥滆畩鏇翠簨闋呪€濓級灏囬€氶亷娉曞畾绋嬪簭骞朵互鏈崝(xi茅)璀扮鍏绱勫畾鐨勬柟寮忛€氱煡鎮�銆�
濡傛偍涓嶅悓鎰忚畩鏇翠簨闋�锛屾偍鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)浜庤畩鏇翠簨闋呯⒑瀹氱殑鐢熸晥鏃ュ墠鑱�(li谩n)绯荤編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍙嶉鎰忚銆傚鍙嶉鎰忚寰椾互閲囩磵锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)灏囬厡鎯呰(di脿o)鏁磋畩鏇翠簨闋�銆�

濡傛偍灏嶅凡鐢熸晥鐨勮畩鏇翠簨闋呬粛涓嶅悓鎰忕殑锛屾偍鎳夌暥浜庤畩鏇翠簨闋呯⒑瀹氱殑鐢熸晥涔嬫棩璧峰仠姝娇鐢ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛岃畩鏇翠簨闋呭皪鎮ㄤ笉鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熸晥鍔�锛涘鎮ㄥ湪璁婃洿浜嬮爡鐢熸晥鍚庝粛绻肩簩(x霉)浣跨敤缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛屽墖瑕栫偤鎮ㄥ悓鎰忓凡鐢熸晥鐨勮畩鏇翠簨闋�銆�

鍗併€侀€氱煡

10.1 鏈夋晥鑱�(li谩n)绯绘柟寮�

鎮ㄥ湪娉ㄥ唺鎴愮偤缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鐢ㄦ埗锛屽苟鎺ュ彈缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鏅�锛屾偍鎳夎┎鍚戠編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鎻愪緵鐪熷鏈夋晥鐨勮伅(li谩n)绯绘柟寮忥紙鍖呮嫭鎮ㄧ殑闆诲瓙閮典欢鍦板潃銆佽伅(li谩n)绯婚浕瑭便€佽伅(li谩n)绯诲湴鍧€绛夛級锛屽皪浜庤伅(li谩n)绯绘柟寮忕櫦(f膩)鐢熻畩鏇寸殑锛屾偍鏈夌京鍕�(w霉)鍙婃檪鏇存柊鏈夐棞(gu膩n)淇℃伅锛屽苟淇濇寔鍙鑱�(li谩n)绯荤殑鐙€鎱�(t脿i)銆�

缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)灏囧悜鎮ㄧ殑涓婅堪鑱�(li谩n)绯绘柟寮忕殑鍏朵腑涔嬩竴鎴栧叾涓嫢骞插悜鎮ㄩ€侀仈鍚勯閫氱煡锛岃€屾椤為€氱煡鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹瑰彲鑳藉皪鎮ㄧ殑娆�(qu谩n)鍒╃京鍕�(w霉)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熼噸澶х殑鏈夊埄鎴栦笉鍒╁奖闊�锛岃珛鎮ㄥ嫏(w霉)蹇呭強鏅傞棞(gu膩n)娉�銆�

鎮ㄦ湁娆�(qu谩n)閫氶亷鎮ㄦ敞鍐婃檪濉鐨勬墜姗熻櫉纰兼垨鑰呴浕瀛愰兊绠辩嵅鍙栨偍鎰熻垐瓒ｇ殑鍟嗗搧寤ｅ憡淇℃伅銆佷績閵峰劒(y艒u)鎯犵瓑鍟嗘キ(y猫)鎬т俊鎭紱鎮ㄥ鏋滀笉鎰挎剰鎺ユ敹姝ら淇℃伅锛屾偍鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)閫氶亷缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鎻愪緵鐨勭浉鎳夌殑閫€瑷傚姛鑳介€茶閫€瑷�銆�

10.2 閫氱煡鐨勯€侀仈

缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)閫氶亷涓婅堪鑱�(li谩n)绯绘柟寮忓悜鎮ㄧ櫦(f膩)鍑洪€氱煡锛屽叾涓互闆诲瓙鐨勬柟寮忕櫦(f膩)鍑虹殑鏇搁潰閫氱煡锛屽寘鎷絾涓嶉檺浜庡湪缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍏憡锛屽悜鎮ㄦ彁渚涚殑鑱�(li谩n)绯婚浕瑭辩櫦(f膩)閫佹墜姗熺煭淇�锛屽悜鎮ㄦ彁渚涚殑闆诲瓙閮典欢鍦板潃鐧�(f膩)閫侀浕瀛愰兊浠�锛屽悜鎮ㄧ殑璩櫉鐧�(f膩)閫佹椇鏃轰俊鎭�銆佺郴绲�(t菕ng)娑堟伅浠ュ強绔欏収(n猫i)淇′俊鎭�锛屽湪鐧�(f膩)閫佹垚鍔熷悗鍗宠鐐洪€侀仈锛涗互绱欒唱(zh矛)杓夐珨鐧�(f膩)鍑虹殑鏇搁潰閫氱煡锛屾寜鐓ф彁渚涜伅(li谩n)绯诲湴鍧€浜ら兊鍚庣殑绗簲鍊嬭嚜鐒舵棩鍗宠鐐洪€侀仈銆�

灏嶄簬鍦ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭涓婂洜浜ゆ槗娲诲嫊寮曡捣鐨勪换浣曠尘绱�锛屾偍鍚屾剰鍙告硶姗熼棞(gu膩n)锛堝寘鎷絾涓嶉檺浜庝汉姘戞硶闄級鍙互閫氶亷鎵嬫鐭俊銆侀浕瀛愰兊浠剁瓑鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｉ€氳▕鏂瑰紡鎴栭兊瀵勬柟寮忓悜鎮ㄩ€侀仈娉曞緥鏂囨浉锛堝寘鎷絾涓嶉檺浜庤ù瑷熸枃鏇革級銆傛偍鎸囧畾鎺ユ敹娉曞緥鏂囨浉鐨勬墜姗熻櫉纰�銆侀浕瀛愰兊绠辩瓑鑱�(li谩n)绯绘柟寮忕偤鎮ㄥ湪缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭娉ㄥ唺銆佹洿鏂版檪鎻愪緵鐨勬墜姗熻櫉纰笺€侀浕瀛愰兊绠辫伅(li谩n)绯绘柟寮�锛屽徃娉曟闂�(gu膩n)鍚戜笂杩拌伅(li谩n)绯绘柟寮忕櫦(f膩)鍑烘硶寰嬫枃鏇稿嵆瑕栫偤閫侀仈銆傛偍鎸囧畾鐨勯兊瀵勫湴鍧€鐐烘偍鐨勬硶瀹氳伅(li谩n)绯诲湴鍧€鎴栨偍鎻愪緵鐨勬湁鏁堣伅(li谩n)绯诲湴鍧€銆�

鎮ㄥ悓鎰忓徃娉曟闂�(gu膩n)鍙噰鍙栦互涓婁竴绋垨澶氱ó閫侀仈鏂瑰紡鍚戞偍閬旀硶寰嬫枃鏇�锛屽徃娉曟闂�(gu膩n)閲囧彇澶氱ó鏂瑰紡鍚戞偍閫侀仈娉曞緥鏂囨浉锛岄€侀仈鏅傞枔浠ヤ笂杩伴€侀仈鏂瑰紡涓渶鍏堥€侀仈鐨勭偤婧�銆�

鎮ㄥ悓鎰忎笂杩伴€侀仈鏂瑰紡閬╃敤浜庡悇鍊嬪徃娉曠▼搴忛殠娈�銆傚閫插叆瑷磋绋嬪簭鐨�锛屽寘鎷絾涓嶉檺浜庝竴瀵�銆佷簩瀵�銆佸啀瀵�銆佸煼(zh铆)琛屼互鍙婄潱淇冪▼搴忕瓑銆�

浣犳噳鐣朵繚璀夋墍鎻愪緵鐨勮伅(li谩n)绯绘柟寮忔槸婧栫⒑銆佹湁鏁堢殑锛屽苟閫茶瀵︽檪鏇存柊銆傚鏋滃洜鎻愪緵鐨勮伅(li谩n)绯绘柟寮忎笉纰哄垏锛屾垨涓嶅強鏅傚憡鐭ヨ畩鏇村悗鐨勮伅(li谩n)绯绘柟寮�锛屼娇娉曞緥鏂囨浉鐒℃硶閫侀仈鎴栨湭鍙婃檪閫侀仈锛岀敱鎮ㄨ嚜琛屾壙鎿旂敱姝ゅ彲鑳界敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑娉曞緥鍚庢灉銆�

鍗佷竴銆佸崝(xi茅)璀扮殑绲傛

11.1 绲傛鐨勬儏褰�

銆愮敤鎴剁櫦(f膩)璧风殑绲傛銆戞偍鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)閫氶亷浠ヤ笅浠讳竴鏂瑰紡绲傛鏈崝(xi茅)璀帮細

锛堜竴锛夊湪婊胯冻缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鍏ず鐨勮超鎴舵敞閵锋浠舵檪鎮ㄩ€氶亷缍�(w菐ng)绔欒嚜鍔╂湇鍕�(w霉)娉ㄩ姺鎮ㄧ殑璩埗鐨�锛�

锛堜簩锛夎畩鏇翠簨闋呯敓鏁堝墠鎮ㄥ仠姝娇鐢ㄥ苟鏄庣ず涓嶆効鎺ュ彈璁婃洿浜嬮爡鐨�锛�

锛堜笁锛夋偍鏄庣ず涓嶆効绻肩簩(x霉)浣跨敤缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛屼笖绗﹀悎缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭绲傛姊濅欢鐨�銆�

銆愮編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鐧�(f膩)璧风殑绲傛銆戝嚭鐝�(xi脿n)浠ヤ笅鎯呮硜鏅傦紝缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鍙互鏈崝(xi茅)璀扮鍏鐨勬墍鍒楃殑鏂瑰紡閫氱煡鎮ㄧ祩姝㈡湰鍗�(xi茅)璀帮細

锛堜竴锛夋偍閬曞弽鏈崝(xi茅)璀扮磩瀹�锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)渚濇摎(j霉)閬曠磩姊濇绲傛鏈崝(xi茅)璀扮殑锛�

锛堜簩锛夋偍鐩滅敤浠栦汉璩埗銆佺櫦(f膩)甯冮仌绂佷俊鎭€侀鍙栦粬浜鸿病鐗�銆佸敭鍋囥€佹摼浜傚競鍫寸З搴�銆侀噰鍙栦笉姝ｇ暥鎵嬫璎€鍒╃瓑琛岀偤锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)渚濇摎(j霉)缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囧皪鎮ㄧ殑璩埗浜堜互鏌ュ皝鐨�锛�

锛堜笁锛夐櫎涓婅堪鎯呭舰澶�锛屽洜鎮ㄥ娆￠仌鍙嶇編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囩浉闂�(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氫笖鎯呯瘈(ji茅)鍤撮噸锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)渚濇摎(j霉)缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭瑕�(gu墨)鍓囧皪鎮ㄧ殑璩埗浜堜互鏌ュ皝鐨勶紱

锛堝洓锛夋偍鐨勮超鎴惰缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)渚濇摎(j霉)鏈崝(xi茅)璀板洖鏀剁殑锛�

锛堜簲锛夊叾瀹冩噳鐣剁祩姝㈡湇鍕�(w霉)鐨勬儏娉併€�

11.2 鍗�(xi茅)璀扮祩姝㈠悗鐨勮檿鐞�

銆愮敤鎴朵俊鎭姭闇层€戞湰鍗�(xi茅)璀扮祩姝㈠悗锛岄櫎娉曞緥鏈夋槑纰鸿(gu墨)瀹氬锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鐒＄京鍕�(w霉)鍚戞偍鎴栨偍鎸囧畾鐨勭涓夋柟鎶湶鎮ㄨ超鎴朵腑鐨勪换浣曚俊鎭�銆�

銆愮編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)娆�(qu谩n)鍒┿€戞湰鍗�(xi茅)璀扮祩姝㈠悗锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)浠嶄韩鏈変笅鍒楁瑠(qu谩n)鍒╋細

锛堜竴锛夌辜绾�(x霉)淇濆瓨鎮ㄧ暀瀛樹簬缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鐨勬湰鍗�(xi茅)璀扮浜旀鎵€鍒楃殑鍚勯淇℃伅锛�

锛堜簩锛夊皪浜庢偍閬庡線鐨勯仌绱勮鐐�锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)浠嶅彲渚濇摎(j霉)鏈崝(xi茅)璀板悜鎮ㄨ拷绌堕仌绱勮铂浠�銆�

銆愪氦鏄撹檿鐞嗐€�鏈崝(xi茅)璀扮祩姝㈠悗锛屽皪浜庢偍鍦ㄦ湰鍗�(xi茅)璀板瓨绾�(x霉)鏈熼枔鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑浜ゆ槗瑷傚柈锛岀編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)鍙€氱煡浜ゆ槗鐩稿皪鏂瑰苟鏍规摎(j霉)浜ゆ槗鐩稿皪鏂圭殑鎰忔効姹哄畾鏄惁闂�(gu膩n)闁夎┎绛変氦鏄撹▊鍠�锛涘浜ゆ槗鐩稿皪鏂硅姹傜辜绾�(x霉)灞ヨ鐨勶紝鍓囨偍鎳夌暥灏辫┎绛変氦鏄撹▊鍠辜绾�(x霉)灞ヨ鏈崝(xi茅)璀板強浜ゆ槗瑷傚柈鐨勭磩瀹�锛屽苟鎵挎摂鍥犳鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑浠讳綍鎼嶅け鎴栧鍔犵殑浠讳綍璨荤敤銆�

鍗佷簩銆佹硶寰嬮仼鐢�銆佺杞勮垏鍏朵粬

銆愭硶寰嬮仼鐢ㄣ€戞湰鍗�(xi茅)璀颁箣瑷傜珛銆佺敓鏁�銆佽В閲嬨€佷慨瑷�銆佽鍏�銆佺祩姝�銆佸煼(zh铆)琛岃垏鐖瑙ｆ焙鍧囬仼鐢ㄤ腑鑿汉姘戝叡鍜屽湅澶ч櫢鍦板崁(q奴)娉曞緥锛涘娉曞緥鐒＄浉闂�(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑锛屽弮鐓у晢妤�(y猫)鎱ｄ緥鍙�/鎴栬妤�(y猫)鎱ｄ緥銆�

銆愮杞勩€戞偍鍥犱娇鐢ㄧ編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鎵€鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷強鑸囩編瀹圭編楂旂恫(w菐ng)骞宠嚭鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐨勭埈璀�锛岀敱缇庡缇庨珨缍�(w菐ng)鑸囨偍鍗�(xi茅)鍟嗚В姹恒€傚崝(xi茅)鍟嗕笉鎴愭檪锛屼换浣曚竴鏂瑰潎鍙悜琚憡鎵€鍦ㄥ湴鏈夌杞勬瑠(qu谩n)鐨勪汉姘戞硶闄㈡彁璧疯ù瑷�銆�

銆愬彲鍒嗘€с€戞湰鍗�(xi茅)璀颁换涓€姊濇琚鐐哄虎姝�銆佺劇鏁堟垨涓嶅彲鍩�(zh铆)琛�锛岃┎姊濇噳瑕栫偤鍙垎鐨勪笖骞朵笉褰遍熆鏈崝(xi茅)璀板叾浣欐娆剧殑鏈夋晥鎬у強鍙煼(zh铆)琛屾€�銆�